Everything about Noyon totally explained
» For another meaning, see Noyan
Noyon (
Latin:
Noviomagus Veromanduorum) is a small (14471 inhabitants in 1990) but historic
French town in the
Oise département,
Picardie, on the
Oise Canal, approximately 60 miles north of
Paris.
History
The Romans founded the town as
Noviomagus. Sometimes, it's said
Veromanduorum to distinguish it from numerous other places of the same name, but it has never been found in roman sources. The town is mentioned in the
Antonine Itinerary as being 27 M. P. from
Soissons, and 34 M. P. from
Amiens. But their distances, as
D'Anville says, are not exact, for Noyon is further from Amiens and nearer to Soissons than the Itinerary fixes it. The alteration of the name Noviomagus to Noyon is made clearer when we know that in a middle age document, the name is
Noviomum, from which to Noyon the change is easy.
Noyon was strongly fortified in Late Antiquity. It is a possible explanation that around 531, bishop
Medardus moved his see from
Vermand, in the
Vermandois, to Noyon. Other explanations are that
Medardus was borned near the town, at Salency, or that place is nearer from Soissons, which was one of the royal capitals of
Merovingian dynasty.
The cathedral at Noyon was the site where Emperor
Charlemagne was crowned in 768 as was the first
Capetian king,
Hugh Capet in 987. The town received a
communal charter in 1108, that was confirmed by
Philip Augustus in 1223. In the twelfth century, the
bishop of Noyon was raised to an original
duché-pairie in the peerage of France. The Romanesque cathedral burned in 1131. The
present cathedral, a monument of the
Early Gothic style in France, was erected between 1145 and 1235. The bishop's library is a historic example of
half-timbered construction.
By the
Treaty of Noyon, signed
13 August 1516 between
Francois I of France and
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, France abandoned its claims to the
Kingdom of Naples and received the
Duchy of Milan in recompense; the treaty brought the
War of the League of Cambrai— one stage of the
Italian Wars— to a close. Having been ravaged by Habsburg troops in 1552, Noyons was sold to France in 1559, under the conditions of the
Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis. Near the end of the sixteenth century the city fell under
Habsburg control, but
Henry IV of France recaptured it. The
Concordat of 1801 suppressed its bishopric. The city was occupied by the
Germans during
World War I and
World War II and on both occasions suffered heavy damage.
Noyon Cathedral:
Famous personalities
John Calvin was born in Noyon, 1509.
Medardus
Godeberta
Twin towns
Noyon is twinned with
- Hexham – England
- Metzingen – GermanyFurther Information
Get more info on 'Noyon'.
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